Set Designer / Maker

Set designers create the overall 'look' of a theatre, television or film production.

In the film and TV industry they are often known as production designers. Their work begins at the start of the production planning process and ends on the opening night or when filming begins.

They create the design ideas, but delegate the practical work to others.

A set designer's work would normally involve: studying scripts and discussing ideas with the director; communicating your ideas to costume, make-up, props and lighting designers; overcoming any logistical problems, such as lighting or complex scene changes; researching the right historical, contemporary or futuristic details for the production; creating effective designs within the available budget; sketching design ideas to produce a ‘storyboard’, showing what the sets will look like scene by scene; using computer-aided design (CAD) packages.

They are also involved in building and photographing scale models; estimating costs and preparing a production schedule; overseeing set building and decoration; making any adjustments needed during rehearsals. In theatre, they work alone or with an assistant. In TV/film, they manage a team that might include art directors, assistant art directors, storyboard artists and model makers. 

Earnings in theatre can start at around £18,000 to £28,000 a year. Established designers may earn much more.

Earnings in film and TV are usually higher, although you may need to work for low pay at the start of your career. Freelance rates can vary widely, based on the type of production and your own track record. 

You will need a high level of design skill and creative vision. You would normally start as designer’s assistant or prop maker in the theatre, or as an art department trainee or runner in film and TV. You could then work your way up to designer as you develop experience and contacts in the industry.

In practice, many set designers have an art-based BTEC HND or degree. Several universities, colleges and drama schools offer specialised courses in theatre design, performing arts (production) or design for film and television. Other useful subjects include interior design, fine art, 3-D design and architecture. You should check entry requirements with course providers.

Whatever your qualifications, you should find practical experience and build a portfolio or 'showreel' DVD of your design work to show to potential employers. You could get relevant experience through getting involved in: student theatre or film; local amateur or community theatre; low-budget independent films; fringe theatre.

You may be able to start in the film and TV industry through an apprenticeship-style new entrant training scheme, such as the BBC's Design Training Scheme. Competition for places on this type of scheme is very strong, so you should still gain practical experience as explained above before applying.